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Cubic Nanometer Silicon Carbide Micropowder

Release Time:

2025-06-23 10:14

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　　Cubic nanoscale silicon carbide micropowder, also known as β-silicon carbide, β-SiC is close to diamond, with surface finish and polishing performance far superior to white corundum and α-SiC (black silicon carbide and green silicon carbide); at temperatures above 1600°C, β-SiC still maintains ultra-high strength; β-SiC has several times higher electrical conductivity than α-SiC; β-SiC has excellent thermal conductivity and low expansion coefficient, resulting in minimal thermal stress during heating and cooling; β-SiC belongs to the low-temperature crystal form and can undergo a crystal transformation above 1800°C; in terms of specific gravity, β-SiC is about half that of most alloys, 40% that of steel, and roughly the same as aluminum.
 
　　There are three main production methods for β-SiC: laser method, plasma method, and solid-phase synthesis method. The first two processes mainly synthesize nano and submicron powders, but due to the short synthesis time, true particle densification cannot be achieved, and particle purity is relatively low; the solid-phase synthesis method has various process types but all have certain technical difficulties. Hubei Langchi New Materials Co., Ltd. has mastered the core technology and mass production, while most other manufacturers remain at the theoretical or experimental stage, with products generally having low β-phase content, high impurities, and difficulties in mass production.
 
　　β-SiC micropowder has very high chemical stability, high hardness, high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, wide bandgap, high electron drift velocity, high electron mobility, and special electrical resistance temperature characteristics. Therefore, it has excellent properties such as wear resistance, high-temperature resistance, thermal shock resistance, corrosion resistance, radiation resistance, and good semiconducting characteristics. It is widely used in electronics, information technology, precision processing technology, military industry, aerospace, advanced refractory materials, special ceramic materials, advanced grinding materials, and reinforcement materials. Its application range is mainly divided into the following categories:
 
1. Sintered micropowder
 
　　β-SiC has very broad application prospects in advanced structural ceramics, functional ceramics, and advanced refractory materials markets. Ordinary silicon carbide ceramics require sintering temperatures of 2300°C, 2400°C, or 2500°C, and even with additives, crystallization still requires 2100°C. However, β-SiC can crystallize at 1800°C, and during the β-SiC crystal transformation, its volume changes, which positively affects the densification of ceramic sintering, thereby improving the toughness and strength of silicon carbide ceramics. Adding β-SiC to boron carbide ceramics can reduce the sintering temperature while improving product toughness, significantly enhancing the performance of boron carbide ceramics.
 
2. Electronic materials
 
　　As a semiconductor material, β-SiC has several times higher conductivity than α-SiC. Generators with added β-SiC show very obvious corona resistance, and also have good wear resistance and high-temperature resistance. High-purity β-SiC can be made into single-crystal silicon carbide wafers, whose excellent electrical and thermal conductivity make them suitable for replacing electronic-grade single-crystal silicon and polycrystalline silicon in high-end fields such as military, aerospace, and electronics. Electronic packaging materials, heaters, and heat exchangers made with β-SiC have high thermal shock resistance and good thermal conductivity, with product performance greatly superior to other materials.
 
3. Special coatings
 
　　Because β-SiC has a diamond structure and spherical-like particles, it features ultra-wear resistance, corrosion resistance, super thermal conductivity, and low expansion coefficient, making it well suited for special coatings. Coating ordinary materials with β-SiC ultrafine powder greatly improves wear life. For example, ordinary carbon steel drill bits drilling 10mm steel plates get damaged after 1-2 holes, while β-SiC-coated drill bits outperform alloy drill bits and can drill 20-50 holes. Aluminum alloy pistons undergo heavy reciprocating motion in cylinders and wear easily; coating with β-SiC material can increase piston life by 30-50 times.
 
4. Grinding and polishing materials
 
　　As a precision grinding and polishing material, β-SiC has much higher grinding efficiency than white corundum and α-SiC, and can greatly improve product surface finish.
 
　　Diamond is widely used as a grinding and polishing material in the market, but its price is tens or even hundreds of times that of β-SiC; however, β-SiC's grinding effect in many fields is not inferior to diamond, and it even outperforms diamond in polishing stainless steel, silicon wafers, and glass, while its price is only a fraction of diamond's.
 
　　Oil stones and grinding wheels made from white corundum are widely used in stainless steel grinding industries, with relatively high polishing performance but short product life; grinding materials (oil stones, grinding wheels, etc.) made from β-SiC have advantages of high surface finish, strong grinding force, and long life. For example, replacing white corundum oil stones used for polishing bearings with β-SiC oil stones can improve surface finish by 2-3 grades, increase product life by 5-8 times, and greatly reduce the frequency of oil stone replacement, thereby reducing labor intensity and improving production efficiency.
 
　　Grinding paste, polishing liquid, high-precision sandpaper and sanding belts, and ultra-wear-resistant coatings made from β-SiC also have good application prospects.
 
5. High-end special additives
 
　　Adding β-SiC to polymer composites and metal materials can greatly improve thermal conductivity, reduce expansion coefficient, and increase wear resistance. Moreover, due to the low specific gravity of β-SiC, it does not affect the structural weight of materials. The performance of high-strength nylon materials, special engineering plastics such as polyether ether ketone (PEEK), rubber tires, and pressure-resistant lubricating oils is significantly improved after adding ultrafine β-SiC micropowder.
 
6. C powder additives
 
　　Adding β-SiC to copier toner powder significantly improves fluidity and adhesion, with an addition amount generally around 5% to achieve good results.
 
7. Other applications
 
II. β-SiC series products:
　　
　　β-SiC micropowder is prepared by wireless micro-heat source method. This micropowder product has uniform particle distribution, sharp and sharp edges, and good self-sharpening properties. When made into grinding/polishing liquids, it grinds quickly, has high processing accuracy, and good surface quality. Especially when grinding stainless steel, copper, aluminum, cast iron, silicon wafers, and other materials, its grinding effect can rival diamond, but its price is less than one-tenth of diamond, offering very high cost performance.
 
① β-SiC belongs to the cubic crystal system, and its crystal's equiaxed structure characteristics determine that this powder has better natural sphericity and self-sharpening than α-SiC, thus providing better grinding and polishing effects in precision grinding. It also has superior sealing properties in the production of materials, sealing products, and military products, resulting in better density of the products.
 
② The temperature for manufacturing β-SiC is much lower than that for α-SiC, making its particles easier to refine and homogenize. It can also produce a large amount of nano- to submicron ultrafine particles and can be controlled through processes to manufacture amorphous β-SiC micropowder. These factors give β-SiC micropowder much better sintering activity than α-SiC powder, enabling the sintering and densification of various product materials at lower temperatures, with simpler processes and cheaper sintering equipment.
 
③ β-SiC has superior electrical properties and higher purity during preparation compared to α-SiC, making its application in electrical and electronic materials, especially in the semiconductor field, more distinctive.
 
④ β-SiC micropowder and whiskers, as reinforcing materials, can significantly improve the mechanical properties, thermal properties, and wear resistance of polymer materials, various coating materials, military materials, aerospace materials, and more.
 
⑤ β-SiC micropowder has high purity, narrow particle size distribution, low porosity, high sintering activity, and a regular crystal structure; β-SiC whiskers have a high aspect ratio, high surface smoothness, and high diameter uniformity.
 
β-SiC grinding liquid, polishing liquid:
 
Suitable for grinding and polishing materials such as stainless steel, copper, aluminum, cast iron, silicon wafers, glass, ceramics, etc.

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