Applications of Silicon Carbide Ceramics

Release Time:

2014-11-05 15:50

Source:

　　Chemical Industry, Metallurgy

　　Silicon carbide materials have high resistance to erosion by molten iron, slag, and alkali metals, along with high thermal conductivity and wear resistance. From the 1970s to the early 1990s, over 65% of large blast furnaces worldwide adopted silicon nitride bonded silicon carbide materials as furnace body materials, extending blast furnace life by 20% to 40%. Various silicon carbide materials have also been widely used as furnace linings or crucibles in the smelting of metals such as aluminum, copper, and zinc. In the chemical and metallurgical industries, ceramic heat exchangers are often used to preheat various gases or liquids to fully utilize the heat from various hot furnace exhaust gases.

　　Energy and Environmental Protection

　　Direct purification of coal gas at high temperatures can fully utilize the sensible heat of coal gas with Hexolov heat exchangers, greatly improving thermal efficiency compared to purification at normal temperature. Using high-temperature purified coal gas directly for gas turbine power generation can significantly increase power supply efficiency, reduce harmful emissions, and save water. The use of gas turbine equipment in modern coal-fired power generation systems and environmental protection standards require high-temperature gas direct dust removal.

　　Industrial Kilns

　　Various industrial kilns are widely used in light industry, building materials, electronics, and other industries. Using combinations of silicon carbide kiln furniture made from different materials can greatly reduce the weight and space occupied by kiln furniture, improve energy utilization, and reduce labor intensity. At the same time, due to the excellent thermal shock resistance of silicon carbide components, the firing and heating speed can be accelerated.

　　Various Heating Devices

　　In material sintering, melting, heat treatment, and the glass industry, indirect gas heating is an important method. Compared with direct combustion heating, indirect gas heating can greatly improve thermal efficiency and reduce emissions of harmful gases such as NOx. It also improves temperature stability and ensures control of the furnace atmosphere. Additionally, many industrial heating processes require isolation of the workpiece from the combustion environment.

　　Heating Elements

　　The important electrical conductivity of silicon carbide makes it the primary material for manufacturing heating elements for furnaces above 1000°C. Silicon carbide heating elements are the main product of silicon carbide materials and have a huge market.

　　In China, the operating temperature of related products has long remained below 1400°C, while since the 1990s, developed countries have generally increased the operating temperature of silicon carbide heating elements to 1600°C, such as Germany's Cesi-wid company and Japan's Tokai High Heat Co., Ltd. Compared with foreign products, the cold end/hot zone resistance ratio of domestic products is generally only 1:10, lower than the foreign level of 1:15, resulting in wasted electrical resources.

　　Mechanical Seals

　　To improve performance, save fuel, and extend warranty periods, the automotive industry has higher requirements for cooling systems. Due to increased temperature and pressure in automotive cooling systems, water pumps are required to operate at higher speeds and bear higher loads. One important factor in extending water pump service life is the mechanical seal issue.

　　Silicon Carbide Composite Materials for the Nuclear Industry

　　Silicon carbide materials have low neutron activation behavior (radioactivity under neutron exposure), low decay heat, low gas permeability (especially to nitrogen), and excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, making them suitable for structural materials in nuclear power plants. For example, the US ARIFS nuclear power plant selected SiC fiber-reinforced SiC as nested cladding material. With the development of nuclear power, the demand for high-performance silicon carbide materials will greatly increase. 514 Conclusion: Through the above summary of silicon carbide material preparation and engineering applications, it can be seen that silicon carbide materials are currently the most promising advanced engineering ceramics for industrialization. They include not only high-performance fine ceramics but also cover silicon carbide products of various performance grades from low to high.

　　Through the above summary of silicon carbide material preparation and engineering applications, it is evident that silicon carbide materials are currently the most promising advanced engineering ceramics for industrialization. They include not only high-performance fine ceramics but also cover silicon carbide products of various performance grades from low to high. They play an important role in future high-tech fields such as ceramic engines and have broad and untapped markets in energy, metallurgy, machinery, building materials, chemical industry, and other fields. Currently, the positioning of silicon carbide structural ceramic products should focus on developing various products with large market demand, while various high-performance fine ceramics or composite materials serve as research and development targets. In China, besides developing high-performance materials, various high-temperature components and load-bearing parts should become the main products for current development.

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